The optimism brought about by the Indian-Pakistan ceasefire seems to be short-lived. Hours after the two sides agreed to a ceasefire on the 10th, Indian officials took the lead in accusing Pakistan of "repeatedly" violating the ceasefire agreement. Pakistan refuted that all charges by Indian officials were "unfounded". Officials from both countries vowed to be severely retaliated if the other party violated the agreement. Reuters said that by dawn on the 11th, overnight fire exchanges on the India-Pakistan border had subsided and the fragile ceasefire agreement seemed to have been maintained. India's First Post described the current India-Pakistan border as "tensive and calm."

  According to Saudi Arabia's Arab News on the 11th, on the evening of the 10th local time, explosions could be heard in Srinagar and Jammu, Indian-controlled Kashmir region, and there were red light spots suspected to be emitters in the air. Locals also said that the air defense system in downtown Srinagar has entered combat state. Meanwhile, Pakistani witnesses said shootings occurred in some parts of Pakistan-controlled Kashmir. A senior official in the Pakistani-controlled Kashmir region told AFP on the evening of the 10th that intermittent exchange of fire was taking place on both sides of the India-Pakistan Line of Actual Control.

  The Hindu newspaper said on the 11th that Indian diplomatic secretary Vikram Misri (Tang Yongsheng) said on the evening of the 10th that Pakistan "repeatedly" violated the ceasefire agreement reached by both sides a few hours ago, and the Indian army is countering Pakistan's actions. He said that India called on Pakistan to take appropriate measures to resolve these violations and deal with the current situation with a serious and responsible attitude.

  Pakistani Minister of News and Broadcasting Talar immediately responded to the Indian side's allegations. According to Pakistan's National Daily on the 11th, Talar emphasized in an interview that Pakistan has not violated the ceasefire agreement and all the allegations by Indian officials and media are baseless. "Pakistan will not have any ceasefire violations and has not considered doing so. It is a time of celebration," Talar said. Pakistan's Foreign Ministry also issued a statement stressing that Pakistan remains committed to faithfully implementing the ceasefire agreement between the two countries.

  According to Reuters on the 11th, by dawn that day, the battles and explosions that had occurred all night on both sides of the India-Pakistan border had subsided. Most of Indian-controlled Kashmir has resumed power supply, and in the border city of Amritsar, the sound of whistles of the return to normal activities in the early morning gave local residents a sigh of relief, and people took to the streets. The Indian Express said on the 11th that although the ceasefire agreement was partially violated, at least in principle, there has been a ceasefire between India and Pakistan. A ceasefire is welcome, but the ceasefire agreement is very fragile.

  Earlier on the 10th, India and Pakistan reached a ceasefire agreement. According to CNN on the 11th, Pakistani Prime Minister Sharif delivered a TV speech on the evening of the 10th, but he did not mention the firefighting situation in the Kashmir region, nor did he mention the Indian accusations. He concentrated on praising the historic performance of the Pakistani army. The Times of India said on the 11th that Indian Defense Minister Singh issued a statement on the same day expressing his appreciation for the "Cinnabar Operation" against Pakistan, and said that Indian troops have successfully calmed down anti-Indian forces in Pakistan.

  Pakistan's National Daily said on the 11th that although both India and Pakistan claimed victory, the ceasefire agreement concealed the unresolved tensions and the fact that the region is still in a state of tension. Samir Ralvani, a researcher at the Center for Strategic and Budget Assessment of the United States, told Deutsche Welle on the 11th that both sides claimed victory, which "may not be a bad thing." "The only way to get both sides to agree to concessions from this highly tense military crisis is that both sides can convince the people at home, who have achieved their respective strategic goals and have the upper hand. If the people on both sides can accept this, the crisis can stabilize."

  However, Kugelman, director of the South Asia Institute of the Wilson Center in the United States, wrote on social media on the 11th, "The ceasefire agreement was reached hastily and at the moment when tensions reached its peak. India's understanding of the agreement seems to be different from Pakistan, and India may not be keen on the broader negotiations called for by the agreement. Maintaining this ceasefire agreement will face many challenges."

  Reuters quoted four government sources as saying on the 11th that despite a ceasefire agreement reached on the 10th, the important water resource sharing agreement between India and Pakistan is still in a state of suspension. A source from the Pakistani Ministry of Water Resources said, "The Indus Water Treaty is not actually part of the ceasefire discussion." Other punitive measures, such as trade suspension and visa cancellation, will continue to be implemented, Indian sources also told Reuters.

  Qatar Al Jazeera said on the 11th that the India-Pakistan ceasefire has increased hope that the two nuclear countries can avoid sliding to the brink of full-scale war. The National Daily said on the 11th that a series of silent diplomatic efforts seemed to have avoided India and Pakistan falling into a deeper crisis. The two countries agreed to a ceasefire and promised to negotiate "a series of issues" at a neutral location. Against the backdrop of tensions in South Asia, this statement alone marks a major shift—from retaliatory strikes and escalating rhetoric in recent days to cautious easing.

[Editor in charge: Wang Jinzhi]